This is a cheat sheet/reference grid explaining the different task types that students will be required to complete in part 2 of the Cambridge C1 Advanced writing paper. Download the handout below:
C1 Advanced: Writing Part 2 – Task Types Explained
Tag: CAE writing part 2
CAE Writing Part 2: Phrase Sheet Pack
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I’ve decided to put all the phrase sheets I have made for CAE writing part 2 together in one pack that I can print out and give to my students in preparation for them sitting the exam in June. Download the pack below:
CAE/CPE Writing: Formal Letter of Complaint – Task + Phrase Sheet
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This is a phrase sheet and writing task for CAE/CPE students designed to help them tackle formal letter of complaint tasks. Download the handout below:
Letter of complaint phrase sheet
CAE/CPE – Letter of Complaint
Task – CPE Testbuilder pg 91
You recently stayed at one of a chain of large hotels and encountered a number of problems during your stay. Write a letter to the company’s head office detailing the problems you had, describing what happened when you complained to the hotel staff and suggesting ways the company could improve its service. (CAE 220-260 words – CPE 280-320 words)
Opening
- Dear Sir or Madam, / To whom it may concern,
- I am writing to express my disappointment with/dissatisfaction with the service I received in…
- I would like to lodge a formal complaint against your company for the reasons outlined below:
- I feel compelled to write to you in order to describe the
Listing Problems
- First of all,
- Not only was there a hair in my wife’s soup, but the main course also arrived cold.
- On top of that…
- As if that was not enough…
- To top it all off…
- The straw that broke the camel’s back was…
Complaining Expressions
- The standard of the… was not up to scratch.
- The… was not up to the expected standard.
- The… left a lot to be desired.
- The… failed to live up to our expectations.
- We were left bitterly disappointed by…
- The quality of the customer service we received was woefully inadequate.
- The… was an absolute disgrace. (v.strong)
- Overall, our visit to your (restaurant) was an unmitigated disaster from start to finish.
Requesting Action
- It seems only fair that you should… (offer a full refund)
- I would appreciate it if you…
- I would be grateful if you…
- Should these demands not be met, you will be hearing from my lawyers.
- I expect to receive compensation to the tune of (€2000) for the…
Making Recommendations
- I strongly recommend that your organisation…
- It would be advisable to…
- I suggest re-evaluating your procedures regarding…
Sign off
- I look forward to receiving your reply.
- I expect to receive a prompt reply to this letter.
- Yours faithfully,
CAE Informal Letter of Recommendation
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This is phrase sheet for CAE students to help them tackle informal letters of recommendation, which sometimes come up in part 2 of the writing paper. Download the handout below:
Informal Recommendation Letter
Handout
A possible letter task in the CAE is an informal letter to a friend recommending (or not) a course/activity/holiday you have been on. Below is an example:
You have recently been on a two week adventure holiday in a foreign country. A good friend writes to you because they are thinking about booking a holiday with the same company. You should describe the highlights of the holiday and any problems you encountered and state if you would recommend the experience to your friend.
Informal greetings
| Hello mate! | How’s it going? |
| What’re you up to nowadays? | Lovely to hear from you. |
| It’s been ages since we last saw each other. | I hope all’s well. |
Mixing good with bad
In the task you have to tell your friend about both the positive and negative sides of the activity. What I don’t want you to do is write one paragraph of good points and one of bad because who writes a letter like that? I want you to mix the good with the bad.
| Despite/In spite of + noun | Despite/In spite of + the fact that + clause |
| In spite of the dreadful weather (bad), we had a wonderful time. (good) | Despite the fact that it poured with rain all week (bad), we had a wonderful time. (good) |
| Although/Even though + clause | Apart from + noun + relative clause |
| Even though the instructor didn’t speak English (bad), we still managed to pick up the basics. (good) | Apart from the first day when it poured, we had clear blue skies every day.
Apart from the taxi driver who tried to rip us off, all the people were lovely. |
2nd Conditionals
| If you did decide to go, I could lend you…../I might come with you. | If I were you, I’d……….. |
| If I were in your shoes, I’d……………… |
3rd Conditionals
| It would have been better if there had been………… | I would have been better if I had/hadn’t……………… |
| If I had/hadn’t……………., we could have…………. |
Not only
| Not only did we ….(do 1 activity), but also …….(another activity) | Not only did we learn how to ……….., but also …………… |
| Not only did we see lions and elephants, but also giraffes and monkeys. |
Phrasal verbs
| To take up a hobby – to start doing a hobby
I have just taken up snowboarding. |
To make up for – to compensate
The excellent food more than made up for the awful weather. |
| To pick up new skills – to acquire
I picked up some useful skills, such as…….. |
To get a lot out of something – to take benefit from something. (enjoyment, knowledge, etc.)
I got a lot out of the training sessions. |
| To catch up with someone – to share the latest news about your life with someone.
We should meet for a coffee and catch up. |
To come across – to find unexpectedly (not people)
We were walking through the jungle when we came across some old ruined buildings. |
| To get on/along with someone – to like and be friendly with someone.
We got along with everyone in our group. |
To keep/carry on doing something – to continue
We kept on walking all night. |
| Look/watch out for – be vigilant for
Look out for pickpockets on the metro system. |
Sort out a problem – resolve a problem
The manager came and sorted out the problem. |
CAE/CPE Report Phrase Sheet 2.0
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This is an updated version of my CAE/CPE report phrase list. Download it below:
Report
| Register:
Formal, impersonal, cold and factual. DO NOT USE: · Contractions · Colourful language (gorgeous/stunning/awesome etc.) · Informal phrasal verbs (meet up/break down/check out etc.) · “I/we think….” (too personal) |
Forms and Conventions:
Title: Report into ……. Paragraph Titles: Introduction, Strengths, Weaknesses, Conclusion.
Fixed introduction: The aim of this report is to evaluate/put forward ideas for/examine etc.
Word limit: CAE: 220-260 CPE: 280-320 |
| Introduction:
The purpose/aim of this report is to…. This report sets out to… The report will comment on… Below is an explanation of… The focus of this report is… This report will offer an in depth critique of… Fake survey/questionnaire: It can be a good idea to base the report on a survey/questionnaire. This report will present the findings of/This report is based on the findings/results of an extensive survey completed by… Ending Introduction: 1. It will go on to give recommendations regarding… |
Expressing general opinions/info:
….is considered/thought/said to be… …is highly regarded in (place)…(good reputation) There is widespread agreement that… Opinions are divided regarding… It is common knowledge that… Recent research indicates that… Interviewees who had first-hand knowledge of the situation stated… There is considerable disagreement regarding… Survey Results: Virtually everyone who completed the survey stated that.. Over (60%) of those interviewed stated that… The vast majority of people interviewed believe that… A small percentage of those surveyed agree/disagree with… |
| Strengths:
The (school system) in this country undoubtedly has many strengths such as …. And… … is particularly effective due to the fact that… … has achieved impressive results owing to … Another clear strong point is… … is something the country can be proud of due to… |
Weaknesses:
Despite the strengths mentioned above, there are also some areas that require attention. … is failing to live up to expectations because… Another clear weakness is… … leaves a lot to be desired … is not up to the required standard |
| Advantages/disadvantages:
…’s advantages clearly outweigh its disadvantages. advantages benefits/pros/strengths disadvantages downsides/weaknesses/drawbacks |
Giving Recommendations:
In light of the above, we believe the following measures should be adopted… My recommendations are as follows:… Urgent improvement is needed in the field of… I highly recommend + bring about change in the area of… To improve the situation, we recommend… It is recommended that… |
| Concluding:
-To sum up,…To conclude,… -I hope that the plan outlined/presented in this report meets with your approval… -I hope that the recommendations outlined/ presented in this report will receive your serious consideration. Should the recommendations outlined in this report be carried out, I have no doubt that …. Will be a resounding success.
|
Grammar check list
Have you included? · An inversion (not only/no sooner/seldom) · An inverted conditional (Were we to…) · A participle clause (Being…/Having gone…) · A double comparative (The more we… the more) · A cleft sentence (What is most crucial is…) · Linkers (Nevertheless/despite/due to/consequently) · Impressive verbs (bring about change/undergo development) |
Example Introduction
The aim of this report is to evaluate the current state of….. This report is based on the results of an extensive survey completed by (students at … school). It will present the results of the survey and go on to give recommendations regarding…
CAE Informal Letter Task: An Exotic Holiday
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This is a writing task for CAE students in which they write an informal narrative letter describing an exotic holiday. It is a follow up lesson to my Travelling: Expressions and Discussions lesson as it gives students the opportunity to use the expressions in context. It was designed with students in the latter stages of their studies for the exam in mind as it contains revision of advanced grammar structures such as inversions, participle clauses and cleft sentences. Download the students’ handout, worksheet and teacher’s notes below you will also need the two quizlet sets to revise the vocab:
Informal narrative letter update – students’ handout
Informal Letter Worksheet – students’ worksheet
Narrative Informal Letter Teachers notes
Quizlet sets: Travelling expressions + Travelling collocations
Narrative Informal Letter – Exotic Holiday Teacher’s Notes
Lead in
Write on the board:
- What’s the most exotic place you’ve ever been to?
- What did you do there?
- Would you recommend it? Why? Why not?
- What advice would you give to someone who was going there for the first time?
Students discuss in pairs. Go to open class, students share exotic destinations, activities and advice.
Task Analysis
Give out student handout. Students read task and underline the 4 things they must include in their letter
Task
You have recently been travelling in an exotic country. Your friend has written to you because they are thinking about visiting the same place. Write them a letter describing the highlights of your trip, you should also mention any problems you encountered, say whether or not you would recommend the place and give your friend advice for their trip.
Students complete paragraph plan
Paragraph Plan
- Standard informal email opening
- Describe highlights
- Mention problems
- Recommend or not + give advice
- Sign off
Brainstorm – Informal letter opening + sign off
As a class brainstorm standard opening and closing expressions for informal letters:
| Opening | Closing |
| It’s wonderful to hear from you again.
It’s been ages since we last saw each other. How have you been? What have you been up to? Sorry for not writing back sooner, I’ve been snowed under with schoolwork/exams/work. So you wanted to know about…. Well… |
Anyway, I’d better get going as I have an early start in the morning.
Well, it’s getting late and I’ve gotta get up at the crack of dawn tomorrow. Hugs and kisses Lots of love Send my love to …. |
Briefly run through the language on the handout for sequencing etc. Students read and field any questions or doubts they might have. We will look at the advanced grammar next.
Worksheet – Collocations and Advanced Grammar
Collocations
Give out the worksheet. Students match the collocations. Use the quizlet set to drill/reinforce with games.
Key: 1-h, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a, 5-e, 6-f, 7-g, 8-c
Advanced Grammar
This section is revision of several advanced grammar structures that can be used in compositions with a narrative element.
Key:
Just as we had got on the helicopter it took off.
No sooner had we got on the helicopter than it took off.
As soon as we had left the jeep we were surrounded by different types of monkeys!
Hardly had we left the jeep when we were surrounded by different types of monkeys.
We went scuba diving and spear fishing.
Not only did we go scuba diving but also spear fishing.
We had no idea that there were man-eating sharks in the water.
Little did we know that there were man-eating sharks in the water.
I enjoyed the safari the most.
What I enjoyed most was the safari.
It was the safari that I enjoyed most.
I had never seen such a spectacular sunset before.
Never before had I seen such a spectacular sunset.
The road was so wet that we had to turn back and go a different way.
So wet was the road that we had to turn back and go a different way.
The gorilla was so strong that he broke the window of the jeep!
So strong was the gorilla that he broke the window of the jeep!
Revision – Travelling expressions
Use the quizlet sets to recap the travelling expressions using the scatter game.
https://quizlet.com/122267420/travel-collocations-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/122237779/travelling-expressions-flash-cards/
Students’ Handout
Task
You have recently been travelling in an exotic country. Your friend has written to you because they are thinking about visiting the same place. Write them a letter describing the highlights of your trip, you should also mention any problems you encountered, say whether or not you would recommend the place and give your friend advice for their trip.
Paragraph Plan
- Standard informal email opening
- __________________________
- __________________________
- __________________________
- Sign off
Past narrative tenses
Past simple – finished actions in the past, actions in sequence.
I breathed in deeply and stepped out of the plane into the air.
Past continuous – descriptions/actions in progress interrupted by past simple actions.
The pale winter sun was shining through the leaves of the trees, the birds were singing happily and the wind was whistling past.
As the balloon was rising into the sky I looked down at the people below me.
Past perfect – actions that happened before a specific moment in the past.
I looked out over the landscape, I had never seen such a beautiful sight before.
I took the map out and checked our location. I had marked all the most important places on it the night before.
Past perfect cont. – duration of time for an action that happened before a specific moment in the past.
When we finally reached the summit of the mountain we had been walking for over 6 hours.
I had been dreaming about taking to the skies in a hot air balloon since I was a child.
Sequencing
| At first/To start with/In the beginning…………..
Then/next/after that/………………… The next thing that happened was……………. The next thing I knew was……………… Seconds/Minutes later……………… Later on/Some time later…………….. It wasn’t until much later that………….. After some time/what seemed like years………… Finally/In the end…………….. At last,………….. I was just about to (infinitive) when………. I was on the point of (gerund) when………..
|
Sudden/unexpected events.
Out of the blue…………… Like a bolt from the blue……… Completely unexpectedly…………… Just as I was least expecting it………….. Looking back In retrospect…………… When I think back to that day……….. Looking back on that day………….
|
| Rapid events
In the blink of an eye…………. As quick as a flash………….. |
Simultaneous events
Meanwhile, In the meantime………. While all this was going on………… |
| Ways to say exciting/excited:
exhilarating/exhilarated adrenalin rush thrilling/thrilled Scary/scared petrifying/petrified terrifying/terrified frightening/frightened Nervous on edge I had butterflies in my stomach nerve-racking/nail-biting (to describe the activity) Difficult Tough Hard Challenging |
Phrasal verbs:
take up a challenge (accept) set off on a journey/adventure (start) freak out (get very scared and nervous) Describing the weather: A scorching summer day A freezing winter day A crisp winter day A howling wind was blowing A light breeze was blowing The sun was beating down on us It was pouring with rain The heavens opened (it started to rain very hard)
|
Grammatical Range – SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW!
| Inversions:
No sooner had I got on the board, than I fell off. Hardly had the plane left the ground when I started to feel sick. Only when/Not until two days later did I appreciate how much danger I had been in. On no account must you leave the car during the safari. Little did I know that there were man-eating sharks in the water. At no time did I stop screaming with fear and delight. Never before had I seen such breath-taking views. Never before had I felt so alive.
So + adjective/adverb + verb + subject So clear was the water that you could see right to the bottom. So delicious was the dessert that we went back for seconds. |
Participle clauses:
Being a strong swimmer, I had no problem in the strong currents. Having studied French at school, I was able to get by speaking to the locals. Seeing the Lion running towards me, I panicked and got back in the jeep.
Cleft Sentences I liked the rollercoasters the most. What I liked most was the rollercoasters. It was the rollercoasters that I liked the most.
Inverted conditionals Were I to go again, I’d pack more warm clothes. Had I known it was going to be so cold, I would have packed warmer clothes. Had I not seen the warning sign, I would have jumped into the crocodile lake. Had it not been for + noun Had it not been for the guide, we would have got completely lost! |
Students’ Worksheet
Impressive Vocabulary
Match to make impressive collocations
| 1. Breath-taking /Jaw-dropping/mind-blowing
2. Mouth-watering 3. Mile upon mile of 4. Death-defying 5. Baffling/bewildering 6. Crystal clear/ice-cold 7. Densely-populated/Bustling 8. World-famous/internationally-renowned |
a. Activities/sports
b. Local delicacies c. Monuments/attractions d. Golden sands/rolling hills e. Local traditions/customs f. Water g. City/metropolis h. Views/landscape |
Impressive Grammar
Transform the sentences to use impressive grammar structures
Just as we had got on the helicopter it took off.
No sooner _________________________________________________________
As soon as we had left the jeep we were surrounded by different types of monkeys!
Hardly__________________________________________________________
We went scuba diving and spear fishing.
Not only _____________________________________________________________
We had no idea that there were man-eating sharks in the water.
Little___________________________________________________________
I enjoyed the safari the most.
What________________________________________________.
It____________________________________________________.
I had never seen such a spectacular sunset before.
Never before _______________________________________________________.
The road was so wet that we had to turn back and go a different way.
So____________________________________________________________
The gorilla was so strong that he broke the window of the jeep!
So______________________________________________________________
